Installation of asterisk server:

Pre-requites for asterisk installation:

Asterisk requires a system running with kernel 2.6 and the header files must be present to compile asterisk on our system. Asterisk is written in c; we require gcc with the supporting libs such as termcap, and openssl. Asterisk add-ons require the mysql header files so please install mysql lib, mysql client and the headers to compile asterisk-addons.

Download all files:

1. Zaptel
2. libpri
3. asterisk
4. asterisk-sounds
5. asterisk-addones

Installation of asterisk:

Copy all the files to you server (I’m assuming you have copied all files to /usr/src/).

31 Steps for installing asterisk on your system:

1. tar -xzf zaptel-1.4.12.1.tar.gz
2. tar -xzf libpri-1.4.9.tar.gz
3. tar -xzf asterisk-1.4.20.tar.gz
4. tar -xzf asterisk-sounds-1.2.1.tar.gz
5. tar -xzf asterisk-addons-1.4.7.tar.gz
6. cd zaptel-1.4.12.1
7. ./configure
8. make
9. make install
10. make config
11. service zaptel start
12. cd ..
13. cd libpri-1.4.9
14. make
15. make install
16. cd ..
17. cd asterisk-1.4.20
18. ./configure
19. make
20. make install
21. make samples
22. make config
23. cd ..
24. cd asterisk-sounds
25. make install
26. cd ..
27. cd asterisk-addons-1.4.7
28. ./configure
29. make
30. make install
31. service asterisk start

If all above comands run well then we have installed a new asterisk server on our system.

Creating first sip extension:

Please add the following lines to sip.conf (/etc/asterisk/sip.conf):

[common](!) ; this is template.
type=friend
context=internal
host=dynamic
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
allow=g723
allow=g729
dtmfmode=rfc2833

[1000](common)
username=1000
secret=1000

[1001](common)
username=1001
secret=1001

[1002](common)
username=1002
secret=1002

[1003](common)
username=1003
secret=1003

[1004](common)
username=1004
secret=1004

Above we have created 5 extensions that can be used any sip client (xlite,cisco sip phone, ATA). All users will get registered. If it does not work then check out the firwall settings. Please disable those settings until setup is completed.

Creating first Dialplan:

No extension can talk to each other unless we configure its dial plan. We have to open extension.conf (/etc/asterisk/extension.conf). Add the following lines:

[internal]
exten=> _XXXX,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})

Now all configured phones can talk. This makes asterisk a simple platform in PBX; not many skills are required to develop an office PBX.

Creating first Sip trunk:

Asterisk can make outbound and inbound calls, for outbound we require a provider to terminate our calls and to get calls routed to our system so for that we need a public IP.

Add following code to sip.conf:

[trunk]
type=friend
context=internal
host=<providers IP>
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
allow=g723
allow=g729
dtmfmode=rfc2833

After the update our sip.conf looks as follows:

[common](!) ; this is template.
type=friend
context=internal
host=dynamic
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
allow=g723
allow=g729
dtmfmode=rfc2833

[1000](common)
username=1000
secret=1000

[1001](common)
username=1001
secret=1001

[1002](common)
username=1002
secret=1002

[1003](common)
username=1003
secret=1003

[1004](common)
username=1004
secret=1004

[trunk]
type=friend
context=internal
host=<providers IP>
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
allow=g723
allow=g729
dtmfmode=rfc2833

Now you have to add one line to extension.conf:

exten => _XXXXXXX.,1,Dial(SIP/trunk1/${EXTEN})

So our extension.conf looks like:

[internal]
exten=> _XXXX,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN})
exten => _XXXXXXX.,1,Dial(SIP/trunk1/${EXTEN})

With the above settings it is simple to create an IP-PBX with outbound trunk.